Duncan, V. At what time in the disease timeline of COVID-19 do antibodies develop? 2020 Apr 14; Document no.: LAB041402-01 ESR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 42 p. (CEST evidence search report)
Vanstone, J; Reeder, B; Duncan, V. At what time in the disease timeline of COVID-19 do antibodies develop? 2020 Apr 15; Document no.: LAB041402 RR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 4 p. (CEST rapid review report)
Howell-Spooner, B. How well does the presence and level of antibodies predict the clinical course of disease? 2020 Apr 15; Document no.: LAB041501-01 ESR In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 22 p. (CEST evidence search report)
Seroconversion occurs in majority of COVID-19 patients from the second week following symptomonseton.
Between 7.8 -43.6% of suspect cases and 4.7% of asymptomatic individuals with negative nucleic acid test (rt-PCR) test positive for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
An increase in antibody titrescorrelates with a neutralizing antibody response and positive recovery of COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate symptoms.
Although higher antibody titreand more robust antibody response are observed in severe and critically ill patients, those antibodies may not effectively clear virus and higher antibody levels may be associated with a worse clinical progress.
Wang, H; Reeder, B; Howell-Spooner, B. How well does the presence and level of antibodies predict the clinical course of disease? 2020 Apr 17; Document no.: LAB041501 RR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 5 p. (CEST rapid review report)
Howell-Spooner, B. How well does the presence and level of antibodies predict the presence or absence of the disease? 2020 Apr 14; Document no.: LAB041401-01 ESR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 20 p. (CEST evidence search report)
Moderate to strong grade evidence show the overall sensitivityrangeof IgM, IgG, and combined IgM/IgG are 48.1% to 94.1%, 64.7% to 100%, 83% to 100%, respectively.
IgM/IgG combined assay, with the posterior probability of 99.15%, has greater accuracyand sensitivity than a single IgM or IgG test.
The sensitivity of antibody tests is extremely low (~ 11.1%) in the first week following the onsetof symptoms but increasesrapidlyduring the second week.
IgG and IgM titers in patients with severe disease arehigher than those in the non-severe patients.
Antibody testsmay detect the presence of COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with negative rt-PCRresults.
Wang, H; Reeder, B; Howell-Spooner, B. How well does the presence and level of antibodies predict the presence or absence of the disease? 2020 Apr 15; Document no.: LAB041401 RR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 9 p. (CEST rapid review report)
Duncan, V; Howell-Spooner, B. What is the relationship between antibody development and viral shedding and infectiousness? 2020 May 22; Document no.: LAB041601v2-01 ESR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 30 p. (CEST evidence search report)
Patients with higher and prolonged IgM antibodies are associated with more severe illness, poor recovery, and prolonged viral shedding (some patients may shed virus for more than 30 days).
Patients who respond weakly to IgG have higher viral clearance rate than strong responders.
There were no reports with direct information regarding infectiousness of patients.
Vanstone, J; Reeder, B; Duncan, V. What is the relationship between antibody development and viral shedding and infectiousness? 2020 May 19; Document no.: LAB041601v2 RR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2020. 5 p. (CEST rapid review report)
